Does Virtual Reality Help Reduce Learners’ Cognitive Load? A Meta-Analysis Based on 23 Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Studies

As educational technology advances, virtual reality (VR) has garnered widespread attention in academia. Extensive empirical research has been undertaken on the effect of VR on cognitive load, despite no consistent conclusion having been reached. This article is a meta-analysis of 23 empirical studies, seeking to examine the impact of VR on cognitive load moderated by variables such as the discipline, education phase, and intervention duration.&nbsp

Unintended Consequences from the Implementation of Targeted Agricultural Subsidy Policy in Malawi

This paper investigated unintended consequences from the implementation of targeted agricultural subsidy policy in Malawi. The paper makes significant contribution towards rethinking over the policy objective and its implementation activities with the purpose of lessening or eradicating the effects of unintended consequences on the policy and the people. Research for this paper was done in Kasungu district in Malawi as a case study. Primary data were collected from government officials and other stakeholders involved in the implementation of the policy. Semi structured interviews, official reports and literature of empirical evidence generated by other scholars were used to collect data. Unintended consequences from implementation of the policy in Malawi included: economically rich households benefiting more from the programme; corrupt practices; displacement of crops not included in the policy from agricultural production; and deforestation. The paper concluded that these unintended consequences had significant negative effect on both successful implementation of the policy and the future wellbeing of the people. It therefore recommended among others, curbing corruption practiced at every level of policy implementation and considering to include alternative staple food crops in the policy in order to encourage diversification. Limitation with this study was that it was confined within a small geographical location. Keywords: Unintended consequences, Targeted agricultural subsidy policy, Agricultural inputs

Yetter–Drinfel’d Hopf algebras on basic cycle

A class of Yetter–Drinfel’d Hopf algebras on basic cycle is constructed.Побудовано клас хопфових алгебр Єттера-Дрінфельда на базовому циклі

Attacking the Resource Curse: Are Ghanaians Huge Expectations on the Oil and Gas Production Real?

The aim of the study is to review Ghanaians huge perceptions and dependence on the oil and gas resources especially residence of Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis and the surrounding communities. The study will provide a credible data in policy-making process on the allocation of the oil and gas resources that will improve the living standards of citizens. It will also educate the inhabitants of the resources base on the problems of natural resources to minimize conflict and other social vices. The methodology adopted for the research is participatory poverty assessment. Some questionnaire and personal interviews were used to gather the data. About 200 participants took part in answering the questionnaire and expressing their views. Simple percentages were adopted as the data handling techniques to analyze the data collected. The major findings from the survey were that the oil and gas revenue can help to reduce poverty and create wealth for Ghanaians. The result also indicated that the poor road network in the Western Region, which has been abandoned, will be improved and accessible. The members were optimistic that if there is real accountability and transparency among the various stakeholders, Ghana can avoid the resource curse known as the “Dutch Disease”. Keywords: Ghana, gas, oil, participatory, poverty, resource curs